3.1.15 \(\int \frac {x^3 (d+e x^3)}{a+b x^3+c x^6} \, dx\) [15]

3.1.15.1 Optimal result
3.1.15.2 Mathematica [C] (verified)
3.1.15.3 Rubi [A] (verified)
3.1.15.4 Maple [C] (verified)
3.1.15.5 Fricas [B] (verification not implemented)
3.1.15.6 Sympy [F(-1)]
3.1.15.7 Maxima [F]
3.1.15.8 Giac [F]
3.1.15.9 Mupad [B] (verification not implemented)

3.1.15.1 Optimal result

Integrand size = 25, antiderivative size = 718 \[ \int \frac {x^3 \left (d+e x^3\right )}{a+b x^3+c x^6} \, dx=\frac {e x}{c}-\frac {\left (c d-b e-\frac {b c d-b^2 e+2 a c e}{\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}\right ) \arctan \left (\frac {1-\frac {2 \sqrt [3]{2} \sqrt [3]{c} x}{\sqrt [3]{b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}}}{\sqrt {3}}\right )}{\sqrt [3]{2} \sqrt {3} c^{4/3} \left (b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}\right )^{2/3}}-\frac {\left (c d-b e+\frac {b c d-b^2 e+2 a c e}{\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}\right ) \arctan \left (\frac {1-\frac {2 \sqrt [3]{2} \sqrt [3]{c} x}{\sqrt [3]{b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}}}{\sqrt {3}}\right )}{\sqrt [3]{2} \sqrt {3} c^{4/3} \left (b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}\right )^{2/3}}+\frac {\left (c d-b e-\frac {b c d-b^2 e+2 a c e}{\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}\right ) \log \left (\sqrt [3]{b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}+\sqrt [3]{2} \sqrt [3]{c} x\right )}{3 \sqrt [3]{2} c^{4/3} \left (b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}\right )^{2/3}}+\frac {\left (c d-b e+\frac {b c d-b^2 e+2 a c e}{\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}\right ) \log \left (\sqrt [3]{b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}+\sqrt [3]{2} \sqrt [3]{c} x\right )}{3 \sqrt [3]{2} c^{4/3} \left (b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}\right )^{2/3}}-\frac {\left (c d-b e-\frac {b c d-b^2 e+2 a c e}{\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}\right ) \log \left (\left (b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}\right )^{2/3}-\sqrt [3]{2} \sqrt [3]{c} \sqrt [3]{b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}} x+2^{2/3} c^{2/3} x^2\right )}{6 \sqrt [3]{2} c^{4/3} \left (b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}\right )^{2/3}}-\frac {\left (c d-b e+\frac {b c d-b^2 e+2 a c e}{\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}\right ) \log \left (\left (b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}\right )^{2/3}-\sqrt [3]{2} \sqrt [3]{c} \sqrt [3]{b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}} x+2^{2/3} c^{2/3} x^2\right )}{6 \sqrt [3]{2} c^{4/3} \left (b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}\right )^{2/3}} \]

output
e*x/c+1/6*ln(2^(1/3)*c^(1/3)*x+(b-(-4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2))^(1/3))*(c*d-b*e+(-2* 
a*c*e+b^2*e-b*c*d)/(-4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2))*2^(2/3)/c^(4/3)/(b-(-4*a*c+b^2)^(1/ 
2))^(2/3)-1/12*ln(2^(2/3)*c^(2/3)*x^2-2^(1/3)*c^(1/3)*x*(b-(-4*a*c+b^2)^(1 
/2))^(1/3)+(b-(-4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2))^(2/3))*(c*d-b*e+(-2*a*c*e+b^2*e-b*c*d)/( 
-4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2))*2^(2/3)/c^(4/3)/(b-(-4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2))^(2/3)-1/6*arctan 
(1/3*(1-2*2^(1/3)*c^(1/3)*x/(b-(-4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2))^(1/3))*3^(1/2))*(c*d-b* 
e+(-2*a*c*e+b^2*e-b*c*d)/(-4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2))*2^(2/3)/c^(4/3)*3^(1/2)/(b-(- 
4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2))^(2/3)+1/6*ln(2^(1/3)*c^(1/3)*x+(b+(-4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2))^(1 
/3))*(c*d-b*e+(2*a*c*e-b^2*e+b*c*d)/(-4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2))*2^(2/3)/c^(4/3)/(b 
+(-4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2))^(2/3)-1/12*ln(2^(2/3)*c^(2/3)*x^2-2^(1/3)*c^(1/3)*x*( 
b+(-4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2))^(1/3)+(b+(-4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2))^(2/3))*(c*d-b*e+(2*a*c* 
e-b^2*e+b*c*d)/(-4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2))*2^(2/3)/c^(4/3)/(b+(-4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2))^ 
(2/3)-1/6*arctan(1/3*(1-2*2^(1/3)*c^(1/3)*x/(b+(-4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2))^(1/3))* 
3^(1/2))*(c*d-b*e+(2*a*c*e-b^2*e+b*c*d)/(-4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2))*2^(2/3)/c^(4/3 
)*3^(1/2)/(b+(-4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2))^(2/3)
 
3.1.15.2 Mathematica [C] (verified)

Result contains higher order function than in optimal. Order 9 vs. order 3 in optimal.

Time = 0.03 (sec) , antiderivative size = 88, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.12 \[ \int \frac {x^3 \left (d+e x^3\right )}{a+b x^3+c x^6} \, dx=\frac {e x}{c}-\frac {\text {RootSum}\left [a+b \text {$\#$1}^3+c \text {$\#$1}^6\&,\frac {a e \log (x-\text {$\#$1})-c d \log (x-\text {$\#$1}) \text {$\#$1}^3+b e \log (x-\text {$\#$1}) \text {$\#$1}^3}{b \text {$\#$1}^2+2 c \text {$\#$1}^5}\&\right ]}{3 c} \]

input
Integrate[(x^3*(d + e*x^3))/(a + b*x^3 + c*x^6),x]
 
output
(e*x)/c - RootSum[a + b*#1^3 + c*#1^6 & , (a*e*Log[x - #1] - c*d*Log[x - # 
1]*#1^3 + b*e*Log[x - #1]*#1^3)/(b*#1^2 + 2*c*#1^5) & ]/(3*c)
 
3.1.15.3 Rubi [A] (verified)

Time = 0.98 (sec) , antiderivative size = 550, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.77, number of steps used = 12, number of rules used = 11, \(\frac {\text {number of rules}}{\text {integrand size}}\) = 0.440, Rules used = {1826, 1752, 750, 16, 27, 1142, 25, 27, 1082, 217, 1103}

Below are the steps used by Rubi to obtain the solution. The rule number used for the transformation is given above next to the arrow. The rules definitions used are listed below.

\(\displaystyle \int \frac {x^3 \left (d+e x^3\right )}{a+b x^3+c x^6} \, dx\)

\(\Big \downarrow \) 1826

\(\displaystyle \frac {e x}{c}-\frac {\int \frac {a e-(c d-b e) x^3}{c x^6+b x^3+a}dx}{c}\)

\(\Big \downarrow \) 1752

\(\displaystyle \frac {e x}{c}-\frac {-\frac {1}{2} \left (-\frac {2 a c e+b^2 (-e)+b c d}{\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}-b e+c d\right ) \int \frac {1}{c x^3+\frac {1}{2} \left (b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}\right )}dx-\frac {1}{2} \left (\frac {2 a c e+b^2 (-e)+b c d}{\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}-b e+c d\right ) \int \frac {1}{c x^3+\frac {1}{2} \left (b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}\right )}dx}{c}\)

\(\Big \downarrow \) 750

\(\displaystyle \frac {e x}{c}-\frac {-\frac {1}{2} \left (-\frac {2 a c e+b^2 (-e)+b c d}{\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}-b e+c d\right ) \left (\frac {2^{2/3} \int \frac {2 \left (2^{2/3} \sqrt [3]{b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}-\sqrt [3]{c} x\right )}{2 c^{2/3} x^2-2^{2/3} \sqrt [3]{c} \sqrt [3]{b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}} x+\sqrt [3]{2} \left (b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}\right )^{2/3}}dx}{3 \left (b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}\right )^{2/3}}+\frac {2^{2/3} \int \frac {1}{\sqrt [3]{c} x+\frac {\sqrt [3]{b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}}{\sqrt [3]{2}}}dx}{3 \left (b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}\right )^{2/3}}\right )-\frac {1}{2} \left (\frac {2 a c e+b^2 (-e)+b c d}{\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}-b e+c d\right ) \left (\frac {2^{2/3} \int \frac {2 \left (2^{2/3} \sqrt [3]{b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}-\sqrt [3]{c} x\right )}{2 c^{2/3} x^2-2^{2/3} \sqrt [3]{c} \sqrt [3]{b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}} x+\sqrt [3]{2} \left (b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}\right )^{2/3}}dx}{3 \left (\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}+b\right )^{2/3}}+\frac {2^{2/3} \int \frac {1}{\sqrt [3]{c} x+\frac {\sqrt [3]{b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}}{\sqrt [3]{2}}}dx}{3 \left (\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}+b\right )^{2/3}}\right )}{c}\)

\(\Big \downarrow \) 16

\(\displaystyle \frac {e x}{c}-\frac {-\frac {1}{2} \left (-\frac {2 a c e+b^2 (-e)+b c d}{\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}-b e+c d\right ) \left (\frac {2^{2/3} \int \frac {2 \left (2^{2/3} \sqrt [3]{b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}-\sqrt [3]{c} x\right )}{2 c^{2/3} x^2-2^{2/3} \sqrt [3]{c} \sqrt [3]{b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}} x+\sqrt [3]{2} \left (b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}\right )^{2/3}}dx}{3 \left (b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}\right )^{2/3}}+\frac {2^{2/3} \log \left (\sqrt [3]{b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}+\sqrt [3]{2} \sqrt [3]{c} x\right )}{3 \sqrt [3]{c} \left (b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}\right )^{2/3}}\right )-\frac {1}{2} \left (\frac {2 a c e+b^2 (-e)+b c d}{\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}-b e+c d\right ) \left (\frac {2^{2/3} \int \frac {2 \left (2^{2/3} \sqrt [3]{b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}-\sqrt [3]{c} x\right )}{2 c^{2/3} x^2-2^{2/3} \sqrt [3]{c} \sqrt [3]{b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}} x+\sqrt [3]{2} \left (b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}\right )^{2/3}}dx}{3 \left (\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}+b\right )^{2/3}}+\frac {2^{2/3} \log \left (\sqrt [3]{\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}+b}+\sqrt [3]{2} \sqrt [3]{c} x\right )}{3 \sqrt [3]{c} \left (\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}+b\right )^{2/3}}\right )}{c}\)

\(\Big \downarrow \) 27

\(\displaystyle \frac {e x}{c}-\frac {-\frac {1}{2} \left (-\frac {2 a c e+b^2 (-e)+b c d}{\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}-b e+c d\right ) \left (\frac {2\ 2^{2/3} \int \frac {2^{2/3} \sqrt [3]{b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}-\sqrt [3]{c} x}{2 c^{2/3} x^2-2^{2/3} \sqrt [3]{c} \sqrt [3]{b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}} x+\sqrt [3]{2} \left (b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}\right )^{2/3}}dx}{3 \left (b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}\right )^{2/3}}+\frac {2^{2/3} \log \left (\sqrt [3]{b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}+\sqrt [3]{2} \sqrt [3]{c} x\right )}{3 \sqrt [3]{c} \left (b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}\right )^{2/3}}\right )-\frac {1}{2} \left (\frac {2 a c e+b^2 (-e)+b c d}{\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}-b e+c d\right ) \left (\frac {2\ 2^{2/3} \int \frac {2^{2/3} \sqrt [3]{b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}-\sqrt [3]{c} x}{2 c^{2/3} x^2-2^{2/3} \sqrt [3]{c} \sqrt [3]{b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}} x+\sqrt [3]{2} \left (b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}\right )^{2/3}}dx}{3 \left (\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}+b\right )^{2/3}}+\frac {2^{2/3} \log \left (\sqrt [3]{\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}+b}+\sqrt [3]{2} \sqrt [3]{c} x\right )}{3 \sqrt [3]{c} \left (\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}+b\right )^{2/3}}\right )}{c}\)

\(\Big \downarrow \) 1142

\(\displaystyle \frac {e x}{c}-\frac {-\frac {1}{2} \left (-\frac {2 a c e+b^2 (-e)+b c d}{\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}-b e+c d\right ) \left (\frac {2\ 2^{2/3} \left (\frac {3 \sqrt [3]{b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}} \int \frac {1}{2 c^{2/3} x^2-2^{2/3} \sqrt [3]{c} \sqrt [3]{b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}} x+\sqrt [3]{2} \left (b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}\right )^{2/3}}dx}{2 \sqrt [3]{2}}-\frac {\int -\frac {\sqrt [3]{c} \left (2^{2/3} \sqrt [3]{b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}-4 \sqrt [3]{c} x\right )}{2 c^{2/3} x^2-2^{2/3} \sqrt [3]{c} \sqrt [3]{b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}} x+\sqrt [3]{2} \left (b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}\right )^{2/3}}dx}{4 \sqrt [3]{c}}\right )}{3 \left (b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}\right )^{2/3}}+\frac {2^{2/3} \log \left (\sqrt [3]{b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}+\sqrt [3]{2} \sqrt [3]{c} x\right )}{3 \sqrt [3]{c} \left (b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}\right )^{2/3}}\right )-\frac {1}{2} \left (\frac {2 a c e+b^2 (-e)+b c d}{\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}-b e+c d\right ) \left (\frac {2\ 2^{2/3} \left (\frac {3 \sqrt [3]{\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}+b} \int \frac {1}{2 c^{2/3} x^2-2^{2/3} \sqrt [3]{c} \sqrt [3]{b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}} x+\sqrt [3]{2} \left (b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}\right )^{2/3}}dx}{2 \sqrt [3]{2}}-\frac {\int -\frac {\sqrt [3]{c} \left (2^{2/3} \sqrt [3]{b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}-4 \sqrt [3]{c} x\right )}{2 c^{2/3} x^2-2^{2/3} \sqrt [3]{c} \sqrt [3]{b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}} x+\sqrt [3]{2} \left (b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}\right )^{2/3}}dx}{4 \sqrt [3]{c}}\right )}{3 \left (\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}+b\right )^{2/3}}+\frac {2^{2/3} \log \left (\sqrt [3]{\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}+b}+\sqrt [3]{2} \sqrt [3]{c} x\right )}{3 \sqrt [3]{c} \left (\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}+b\right )^{2/3}}\right )}{c}\)

\(\Big \downarrow \) 25

\(\displaystyle \frac {e x}{c}-\frac {-\frac {1}{2} \left (-\frac {2 a c e+b^2 (-e)+b c d}{\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}-b e+c d\right ) \left (\frac {2\ 2^{2/3} \left (\frac {3 \sqrt [3]{b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}} \int \frac {1}{2 c^{2/3} x^2-2^{2/3} \sqrt [3]{c} \sqrt [3]{b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}} x+\sqrt [3]{2} \left (b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}\right )^{2/3}}dx}{2 \sqrt [3]{2}}+\frac {\int \frac {\sqrt [3]{c} \left (2^{2/3} \sqrt [3]{b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}-4 \sqrt [3]{c} x\right )}{2 c^{2/3} x^2-2^{2/3} \sqrt [3]{c} \sqrt [3]{b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}} x+\sqrt [3]{2} \left (b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}\right )^{2/3}}dx}{4 \sqrt [3]{c}}\right )}{3 \left (b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}\right )^{2/3}}+\frac {2^{2/3} \log \left (\sqrt [3]{b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}+\sqrt [3]{2} \sqrt [3]{c} x\right )}{3 \sqrt [3]{c} \left (b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}\right )^{2/3}}\right )-\frac {1}{2} \left (\frac {2 a c e+b^2 (-e)+b c d}{\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}-b e+c d\right ) \left (\frac {2\ 2^{2/3} \left (\frac {3 \sqrt [3]{\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}+b} \int \frac {1}{2 c^{2/3} x^2-2^{2/3} \sqrt [3]{c} \sqrt [3]{b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}} x+\sqrt [3]{2} \left (b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}\right )^{2/3}}dx}{2 \sqrt [3]{2}}+\frac {\int \frac {\sqrt [3]{c} \left (2^{2/3} \sqrt [3]{b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}-4 \sqrt [3]{c} x\right )}{2 c^{2/3} x^2-2^{2/3} \sqrt [3]{c} \sqrt [3]{b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}} x+\sqrt [3]{2} \left (b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}\right )^{2/3}}dx}{4 \sqrt [3]{c}}\right )}{3 \left (\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}+b\right )^{2/3}}+\frac {2^{2/3} \log \left (\sqrt [3]{\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}+b}+\sqrt [3]{2} \sqrt [3]{c} x\right )}{3 \sqrt [3]{c} \left (\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}+b\right )^{2/3}}\right )}{c}\)

\(\Big \downarrow \) 27

\(\displaystyle \frac {e x}{c}-\frac {-\frac {1}{2} \left (-\frac {2 a c e+b^2 (-e)+b c d}{\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}-b e+c d\right ) \left (\frac {2\ 2^{2/3} \left (\frac {3 \sqrt [3]{b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}} \int \frac {1}{2 c^{2/3} x^2-2^{2/3} \sqrt [3]{c} \sqrt [3]{b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}} x+\sqrt [3]{2} \left (b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}\right )^{2/3}}dx}{2 \sqrt [3]{2}}+\frac {1}{4} \int \frac {2^{2/3} \sqrt [3]{b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}-4 \sqrt [3]{c} x}{2 c^{2/3} x^2-2^{2/3} \sqrt [3]{c} \sqrt [3]{b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}} x+\sqrt [3]{2} \left (b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}\right )^{2/3}}dx\right )}{3 \left (b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}\right )^{2/3}}+\frac {2^{2/3} \log \left (\sqrt [3]{b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}+\sqrt [3]{2} \sqrt [3]{c} x\right )}{3 \sqrt [3]{c} \left (b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}\right )^{2/3}}\right )-\frac {1}{2} \left (\frac {2 a c e+b^2 (-e)+b c d}{\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}-b e+c d\right ) \left (\frac {2\ 2^{2/3} \left (\frac {3 \sqrt [3]{\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}+b} \int \frac {1}{2 c^{2/3} x^2-2^{2/3} \sqrt [3]{c} \sqrt [3]{b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}} x+\sqrt [3]{2} \left (b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}\right )^{2/3}}dx}{2 \sqrt [3]{2}}+\frac {1}{4} \int \frac {2^{2/3} \sqrt [3]{b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}-4 \sqrt [3]{c} x}{2 c^{2/3} x^2-2^{2/3} \sqrt [3]{c} \sqrt [3]{b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}} x+\sqrt [3]{2} \left (b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}\right )^{2/3}}dx\right )}{3 \left (\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}+b\right )^{2/3}}+\frac {2^{2/3} \log \left (\sqrt [3]{\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}+b}+\sqrt [3]{2} \sqrt [3]{c} x\right )}{3 \sqrt [3]{c} \left (\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}+b\right )^{2/3}}\right )}{c}\)

\(\Big \downarrow \) 1082

\(\displaystyle \frac {e x}{c}-\frac {-\frac {1}{2} \left (-\frac {2 a c e+b^2 (-e)+b c d}{\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}-b e+c d\right ) \left (\frac {2\ 2^{2/3} \left (\frac {1}{4} \int \frac {2^{2/3} \sqrt [3]{b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}-4 \sqrt [3]{c} x}{2 c^{2/3} x^2-2^{2/3} \sqrt [3]{c} \sqrt [3]{b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}} x+\sqrt [3]{2} \left (b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}\right )^{2/3}}dx+\frac {3 \int \frac {1}{-\left (1-\frac {2 \sqrt [3]{2} \sqrt [3]{c} x}{\sqrt [3]{b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}}\right )^2-3}d\left (1-\frac {2 \sqrt [3]{2} \sqrt [3]{c} x}{\sqrt [3]{b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}}\right )}{2 \sqrt [3]{c}}\right )}{3 \left (b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}\right )^{2/3}}+\frac {2^{2/3} \log \left (\sqrt [3]{b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}+\sqrt [3]{2} \sqrt [3]{c} x\right )}{3 \sqrt [3]{c} \left (b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}\right )^{2/3}}\right )-\frac {1}{2} \left (\frac {2 a c e+b^2 (-e)+b c d}{\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}-b e+c d\right ) \left (\frac {2\ 2^{2/3} \left (\frac {1}{4} \int \frac {2^{2/3} \sqrt [3]{b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}-4 \sqrt [3]{c} x}{2 c^{2/3} x^2-2^{2/3} \sqrt [3]{c} \sqrt [3]{b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}} x+\sqrt [3]{2} \left (b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}\right )^{2/3}}dx+\frac {3 \int \frac {1}{-\left (1-\frac {2 \sqrt [3]{2} \sqrt [3]{c} x}{\sqrt [3]{b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}}\right )^2-3}d\left (1-\frac {2 \sqrt [3]{2} \sqrt [3]{c} x}{\sqrt [3]{b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}}\right )}{2 \sqrt [3]{c}}\right )}{3 \left (\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}+b\right )^{2/3}}+\frac {2^{2/3} \log \left (\sqrt [3]{\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}+b}+\sqrt [3]{2} \sqrt [3]{c} x\right )}{3 \sqrt [3]{c} \left (\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}+b\right )^{2/3}}\right )}{c}\)

\(\Big \downarrow \) 217

\(\displaystyle \frac {e x}{c}-\frac {-\frac {1}{2} \left (-\frac {2 a c e+b^2 (-e)+b c d}{\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}-b e+c d\right ) \left (\frac {2\ 2^{2/3} \left (\frac {1}{4} \int \frac {2^{2/3} \sqrt [3]{b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}-4 \sqrt [3]{c} x}{2 c^{2/3} x^2-2^{2/3} \sqrt [3]{c} \sqrt [3]{b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}} x+\sqrt [3]{2} \left (b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}\right )^{2/3}}dx-\frac {\sqrt {3} \arctan \left (\frac {1-\frac {2 \sqrt [3]{2} \sqrt [3]{c} x}{\sqrt [3]{b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}}}{\sqrt {3}}\right )}{2 \sqrt [3]{c}}\right )}{3 \left (b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}\right )^{2/3}}+\frac {2^{2/3} \log \left (\sqrt [3]{b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}+\sqrt [3]{2} \sqrt [3]{c} x\right )}{3 \sqrt [3]{c} \left (b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}\right )^{2/3}}\right )-\frac {1}{2} \left (\frac {2 a c e+b^2 (-e)+b c d}{\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}-b e+c d\right ) \left (\frac {2\ 2^{2/3} \left (\frac {1}{4} \int \frac {2^{2/3} \sqrt [3]{b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}-4 \sqrt [3]{c} x}{2 c^{2/3} x^2-2^{2/3} \sqrt [3]{c} \sqrt [3]{b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}} x+\sqrt [3]{2} \left (b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}\right )^{2/3}}dx-\frac {\sqrt {3} \arctan \left (\frac {1-\frac {2 \sqrt [3]{2} \sqrt [3]{c} x}{\sqrt [3]{\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}+b}}}{\sqrt {3}}\right )}{2 \sqrt [3]{c}}\right )}{3 \left (\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}+b\right )^{2/3}}+\frac {2^{2/3} \log \left (\sqrt [3]{\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}+b}+\sqrt [3]{2} \sqrt [3]{c} x\right )}{3 \sqrt [3]{c} \left (\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}+b\right )^{2/3}}\right )}{c}\)

\(\Big \downarrow \) 1103

\(\displaystyle \frac {e x}{c}-\frac {-\frac {1}{2} \left (-\frac {2 a c e+b^2 (-e)+b c d}{\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}-b e+c d\right ) \left (\frac {2\ 2^{2/3} \left (-\frac {\sqrt {3} \arctan \left (\frac {1-\frac {2 \sqrt [3]{2} \sqrt [3]{c} x}{\sqrt [3]{b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}}}{\sqrt {3}}\right )}{2 \sqrt [3]{c}}-\frac {\log \left (-\sqrt [3]{2} \sqrt [3]{c} x \sqrt [3]{b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}+\left (b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}\right )^{2/3}+2^{2/3} c^{2/3} x^2\right )}{4 \sqrt [3]{c}}\right )}{3 \left (b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}\right )^{2/3}}+\frac {2^{2/3} \log \left (\sqrt [3]{b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}+\sqrt [3]{2} \sqrt [3]{c} x\right )}{3 \sqrt [3]{c} \left (b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}\right )^{2/3}}\right )-\frac {1}{2} \left (\frac {2 a c e+b^2 (-e)+b c d}{\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}-b e+c d\right ) \left (\frac {2\ 2^{2/3} \left (-\frac {\sqrt {3} \arctan \left (\frac {1-\frac {2 \sqrt [3]{2} \sqrt [3]{c} x}{\sqrt [3]{\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}+b}}}{\sqrt {3}}\right )}{2 \sqrt [3]{c}}-\frac {\log \left (-\sqrt [3]{2} \sqrt [3]{c} x \sqrt [3]{\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}+b}+\left (\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}+b\right )^{2/3}+2^{2/3} c^{2/3} x^2\right )}{4 \sqrt [3]{c}}\right )}{3 \left (\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}+b\right )^{2/3}}+\frac {2^{2/3} \log \left (\sqrt [3]{\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}+b}+\sqrt [3]{2} \sqrt [3]{c} x\right )}{3 \sqrt [3]{c} \left (\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}+b\right )^{2/3}}\right )}{c}\)

input
Int[(x^3*(d + e*x^3))/(a + b*x^3 + c*x^6),x]
 
output
(e*x)/c - (-1/2*((c*d - b*e - (b*c*d - b^2*e + 2*a*c*e)/Sqrt[b^2 - 4*a*c]) 
*((2^(2/3)*Log[(b - Sqrt[b^2 - 4*a*c])^(1/3) + 2^(1/3)*c^(1/3)*x])/(3*c^(1 
/3)*(b - Sqrt[b^2 - 4*a*c])^(2/3)) + (2*2^(2/3)*(-1/2*(Sqrt[3]*ArcTan[(1 - 
 (2*2^(1/3)*c^(1/3)*x)/(b - Sqrt[b^2 - 4*a*c])^(1/3))/Sqrt[3]])/c^(1/3) - 
Log[(b - Sqrt[b^2 - 4*a*c])^(2/3) - 2^(1/3)*c^(1/3)*(b - Sqrt[b^2 - 4*a*c] 
)^(1/3)*x + 2^(2/3)*c^(2/3)*x^2]/(4*c^(1/3))))/(3*(b - Sqrt[b^2 - 4*a*c])^ 
(2/3)))) - ((c*d - b*e + (b*c*d - b^2*e + 2*a*c*e)/Sqrt[b^2 - 4*a*c])*((2^ 
(2/3)*Log[(b + Sqrt[b^2 - 4*a*c])^(1/3) + 2^(1/3)*c^(1/3)*x])/(3*c^(1/3)*( 
b + Sqrt[b^2 - 4*a*c])^(2/3)) + (2*2^(2/3)*(-1/2*(Sqrt[3]*ArcTan[(1 - (2*2 
^(1/3)*c^(1/3)*x)/(b + Sqrt[b^2 - 4*a*c])^(1/3))/Sqrt[3]])/c^(1/3) - Log[( 
b + Sqrt[b^2 - 4*a*c])^(2/3) - 2^(1/3)*c^(1/3)*(b + Sqrt[b^2 - 4*a*c])^(1/ 
3)*x + 2^(2/3)*c^(2/3)*x^2]/(4*c^(1/3))))/(3*(b + Sqrt[b^2 - 4*a*c])^(2/3) 
)))/2)/c
 

3.1.15.3.1 Defintions of rubi rules used

rule 16
Int[(c_.)/((a_.) + (b_.)*(x_)), x_Symbol] :> Simp[c*(Log[RemoveContent[a + 
b*x, x]]/b), x] /; FreeQ[{a, b, c}, x]
 

rule 25
Int[-(Fx_), x_Symbol] :> Simp[Identity[-1]   Int[Fx, x], x]
 

rule 27
Int[(a_)*(Fx_), x_Symbol] :> Simp[a   Int[Fx, x], x] /; FreeQ[a, x] &&  !Ma 
tchQ[Fx, (b_)*(Gx_) /; FreeQ[b, x]]
 

rule 217
Int[((a_) + (b_.)*(x_)^2)^(-1), x_Symbol] :> Simp[(-(Rt[-a, 2]*Rt[-b, 2])^( 
-1))*ArcTan[Rt[-b, 2]*(x/Rt[-a, 2])], x] /; FreeQ[{a, b}, x] && PosQ[a/b] & 
& (LtQ[a, 0] || LtQ[b, 0])
 

rule 750
Int[((a_) + (b_.)*(x_)^3)^(-1), x_Symbol] :> Simp[1/(3*Rt[a, 3]^2)   Int[1/ 
(Rt[a, 3] + Rt[b, 3]*x), x], x] + Simp[1/(3*Rt[a, 3]^2)   Int[(2*Rt[a, 3] - 
 Rt[b, 3]*x)/(Rt[a, 3]^2 - Rt[a, 3]*Rt[b, 3]*x + Rt[b, 3]^2*x^2), x], x] /; 
 FreeQ[{a, b}, x]
 

rule 1082
Int[((a_) + (b_.)*(x_) + (c_.)*(x_)^2)^(-1), x_Symbol] :> With[{q = 1 - 4*S 
implify[a*(c/b^2)]}, Simp[-2/b   Subst[Int[1/(q - x^2), x], x, 1 + 2*c*(x/b 
)], x] /; RationalQ[q] && (EqQ[q^2, 1] ||  !RationalQ[b^2 - 4*a*c])] /; Fre 
eQ[{a, b, c}, x]
 

rule 1103
Int[((d_) + (e_.)*(x_))/((a_.) + (b_.)*(x_) + (c_.)*(x_)^2), x_Symbol] :> S 
imp[d*(Log[RemoveContent[a + b*x + c*x^2, x]]/b), x] /; FreeQ[{a, b, c, d, 
e}, x] && EqQ[2*c*d - b*e, 0]
 

rule 1142
Int[((d_.) + (e_.)*(x_))/((a_) + (b_.)*(x_) + (c_.)*(x_)^2), x_Symbol] :> S 
imp[(2*c*d - b*e)/(2*c)   Int[1/(a + b*x + c*x^2), x], x] + Simp[e/(2*c) 
Int[(b + 2*c*x)/(a + b*x + c*x^2), x], x] /; FreeQ[{a, b, c, d, e}, x]
 

rule 1752
Int[((d_) + (e_.)*(x_)^(n_))/((a_) + (b_.)*(x_)^(n_) + (c_.)*(x_)^(n2_)), x 
_Symbol] :> With[{q = Rt[b^2 - 4*a*c, 2]}, Simp[(e/2 + (2*c*d - b*e)/(2*q)) 
   Int[1/(b/2 - q/2 + c*x^n), x], x] + Simp[(e/2 - (2*c*d - b*e)/(2*q))   I 
nt[1/(b/2 + q/2 + c*x^n), x], x]] /; FreeQ[{a, b, c, d, e, n}, x] && EqQ[n2 
, 2*n] && NeQ[b^2 - 4*a*c, 0] && NeQ[c*d^2 - b*d*e + a*e^2, 0] && (PosQ[b^2 
 - 4*a*c] ||  !IGtQ[n/2, 0])
 

rule 1826
Int[((f_.)*(x_))^(m_.)*((d_) + (e_.)*(x_)^(n_))*((a_) + (b_.)*(x_)^(n_) + ( 
c_.)*(x_)^(n2_))^(p_), x_Symbol] :> Simp[e*f^(n - 1)*(f*x)^(m - n + 1)*((a 
+ b*x^n + c*x^(2*n))^(p + 1)/(c*(m + n*(2*p + 1) + 1))), x] - Simp[f^n/(c*( 
m + n*(2*p + 1) + 1))   Int[(f*x)^(m - n)*(a + b*x^n + c*x^(2*n))^p*Simp[a* 
e*(m - n + 1) + (b*e*(m + n*p + 1) - c*d*(m + n*(2*p + 1) + 1))*x^n, x], x] 
, x] /; FreeQ[{a, b, c, d, e, f, p}, x] && EqQ[n2, 2*n] && NeQ[b^2 - 4*a*c, 
 0] && IGtQ[n, 0] && GtQ[m, n - 1] && NeQ[m + n*(2*p + 1) + 1, 0] && Intege 
rQ[p]
 
3.1.15.4 Maple [C] (verified)

Result contains higher order function than in optimal. Order 9 vs. order 3.

Time = 0.06 (sec) , antiderivative size = 67, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.09

method result size
default \(\frac {e x}{c}+\frac {\munderset {\textit {\_R} =\operatorname {RootOf}\left (\textit {\_Z}^{6} c +\textit {\_Z}^{3} b +a \right )}{\sum }\frac {\left (\left (-b e +c d \right ) \textit {\_R}^{3}-a e \right ) \ln \left (x -\textit {\_R} \right )}{2 \textit {\_R}^{5} c +\textit {\_R}^{2} b}}{3 c}\) \(67\)
risch \(\frac {e x}{c}+\frac {\munderset {\textit {\_R} =\operatorname {RootOf}\left (\textit {\_Z}^{6} c +\textit {\_Z}^{3} b +a \right )}{\sum }\frac {\left (\left (-b e +c d \right ) \textit {\_R}^{3}-a e \right ) \ln \left (x -\textit {\_R} \right )}{2 \textit {\_R}^{5} c +\textit {\_R}^{2} b}}{3 c}\) \(67\)

input
int(x^3*(e*x^3+d)/(c*x^6+b*x^3+a),x,method=_RETURNVERBOSE)
 
output
e*x/c+1/3/c*sum(((-b*e+c*d)*_R^3-a*e)/(2*_R^5*c+_R^2*b)*ln(x-_R),_R=RootOf 
(_Z^6*c+_Z^3*b+a))
 
3.1.15.5 Fricas [B] (verification not implemented)

Leaf count of result is larger than twice the leaf count of optimal. 8705 vs. \(2 (580) = 1160\).

Time = 4.25 (sec) , antiderivative size = 8705, normalized size of antiderivative = 12.12 \[ \int \frac {x^3 \left (d+e x^3\right )}{a+b x^3+c x^6} \, dx=\text {Too large to display} \]

input
integrate(x^3*(e*x^3+d)/(c*x^6+b*x^3+a),x, algorithm="fricas")
 
output
Too large to include
 
3.1.15.6 Sympy [F(-1)]

Timed out. \[ \int \frac {x^3 \left (d+e x^3\right )}{a+b x^3+c x^6} \, dx=\text {Timed out} \]

input
integrate(x**3*(e*x**3+d)/(c*x**6+b*x**3+a),x)
 
output
Timed out
 
3.1.15.7 Maxima [F]

\[ \int \frac {x^3 \left (d+e x^3\right )}{a+b x^3+c x^6} \, dx=\int { \frac {{\left (e x^{3} + d\right )} x^{3}}{c x^{6} + b x^{3} + a} \,d x } \]

input
integrate(x^3*(e*x^3+d)/(c*x^6+b*x^3+a),x, algorithm="maxima")
 
output
e*x/c - integrate(-((c*d - b*e)*x^3 - a*e)/(c*x^6 + b*x^3 + a), x)/c
 
3.1.15.8 Giac [F]

\[ \int \frac {x^3 \left (d+e x^3\right )}{a+b x^3+c x^6} \, dx=\int { \frac {{\left (e x^{3} + d\right )} x^{3}}{c x^{6} + b x^{3} + a} \,d x } \]

input
integrate(x^3*(e*x^3+d)/(c*x^6+b*x^3+a),x, algorithm="giac")
 
output
integrate((e*x^3 + d)*x^3/(c*x^6 + b*x^3 + a), x)
 
3.1.15.9 Mupad [B] (verification not implemented)

Time = 29.75 (sec) , antiderivative size = 11453, normalized size of antiderivative = 15.95 \[ \int \frac {x^3 \left (d+e x^3\right )}{a+b x^3+c x^6} \, dx=\text {Too large to display} \]

input
int((x^3*(d + e*x^3))/(a + b*x^3 + c*x^6),x)
 
output
log((3*a*x*(a*b^4*e^4 - 2*a*c^4*d^4 - b^5*d*e^3 + 2*a^3*c^2*e^4 + b^2*c^3* 
d^4 - 4*a^2*b^2*c*e^4 - 3*b^3*c^2*d^3*e + 3*b^4*c*d^2*e^2 + 8*a*b*c^3*d^3* 
e + 2*a*b^3*c*d*e^3 + 4*a^2*b*c^2*d*e^3 - 9*a*b^2*c^2*d^2*e^2))/c - (2^(2/ 
3)*((2^(1/3)*(81*a*c^3*d*x*(4*a*c - b^2)^2 - (81*2^(2/3)*a*b*c^3*(4*a*c - 
b^2)^2*((b^7*e^3 - 16*a^2*c^5*d^3 - b^4*c^3*d^3 + b^4*e^3*(-(4*a*c - b^2)^ 
3)^(1/2) + 8*a*b^2*c^4*d^3 - 32*a^3*b*c^3*e^3 - b*c^3*d^3*(-(4*a*c - b^2)^ 
3)^(1/2) + 48*a^3*c^4*d*e^2 + 3*b^5*c^2*d^2*e + 32*a^2*b^3*c^2*e^3 + 2*a^2 
*c^2*e^3*(-(4*a*c - b^2)^3)^(1/2) - 10*a*b^5*c*e^3 - 3*b^6*c*d*e^2 - 4*a*b 
^2*c*e^3*(-(4*a*c - b^2)^3)^(1/2) - 24*a*b^3*c^3*d^2*e + 27*a*b^4*c^2*d*e^ 
2 + 48*a^2*b*c^4*d^2*e - 6*a*c^3*d^2*e*(-(4*a*c - b^2)^3)^(1/2) - 3*b^3*c* 
d*e^2*(-(4*a*c - b^2)^3)^(1/2) - 72*a^2*b^2*c^3*d*e^2 + 3*b^2*c^2*d^2*e*(- 
(4*a*c - b^2)^3)^(1/2) + 9*a*b*c^2*d*e^2*(-(4*a*c - b^2)^3)^(1/2))/(c^4*(4 
*a*c - b^2)^3))^(1/3))/2)*((b^7*e^3 - 16*a^2*c^5*d^3 - b^4*c^3*d^3 + b^4*e 
^3*(-(4*a*c - b^2)^3)^(1/2) + 8*a*b^2*c^4*d^3 - 32*a^3*b*c^3*e^3 - b*c^3*d 
^3*(-(4*a*c - b^2)^3)^(1/2) + 48*a^3*c^4*d*e^2 + 3*b^5*c^2*d^2*e + 32*a^2* 
b^3*c^2*e^3 + 2*a^2*c^2*e^3*(-(4*a*c - b^2)^3)^(1/2) - 10*a*b^5*c*e^3 - 3* 
b^6*c*d*e^2 - 4*a*b^2*c*e^3*(-(4*a*c - b^2)^3)^(1/2) - 24*a*b^3*c^3*d^2*e 
+ 27*a*b^4*c^2*d*e^2 + 48*a^2*b*c^4*d^2*e - 6*a*c^3*d^2*e*(-(4*a*c - b^2)^ 
3)^(1/2) - 3*b^3*c*d*e^2*(-(4*a*c - b^2)^3)^(1/2) - 72*a^2*b^2*c^3*d*e^2 + 
 3*b^2*c^2*d^2*e*(-(4*a*c - b^2)^3)^(1/2) + 9*a*b*c^2*d*e^2*(-(4*a*c - ...